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Diction: Diction refers to the speaker’s word choice and vocabulary. We often describe
someone’s diction as colloquial, slang, technical, informal, formal, or elevated.
Imagery: The speaker’s imagery
adds to the purpose because of the illustrations he or she uses.
Remember, imagery refers to the words and phrases that create a visual
for the reader. However, imagery also refers to how the speaker appeals
to smell, touch, hearing, and taste.
Details: Details are the
“objects” that the author encodes in his passage. Keep in mind that
often an author will intentionally omit certain objects or facets of
the object for effect as well.
Language: The speaker often
demonstrates one of his or her richest components of a description
through language, which includes any literary device you can find.
Similes, metaphors, paradoxes, oxymoron, personification, allusions,
analogies, and symbols are
all important language devices to look for. Remember, though, when you
speak of language devices, you must identify them through blends.
However, you must also continue - describe the effect of each language
device.
Syntax: When an author’s
syntax becomes important in understanding the passage, you will look
for the effect of the word order, sentence variety, and types of
sentences (periodic, imperative, and declarative to name a few),
questioning strategies (rhetorical or sincere) and structure of phrases
(parallel structure, organization of sentences, repetition).
Connotation/Denotation/Sound
The average word has three components parts: sound, denotation, and connotation.
Denotation is the dictionary meaning(s) of the word; connotations are
what it suggests beyond what it expresses: its overtones of meaning. It
acquires these connotations by its past history and associations, by
the way and the circumstances in which it has been used.
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